Question about ずに (without)

[Book_Wyrm]

Hey everyone

I can’t find any material on the following question:

How do you use ずに together with the word する?
Is it しずに? Or does it have a special form since it’s irregular?

Let’s say I want to say
“I passed the test without studying.”

would that be

勉強しずにテストを受かった。

Thanks in advance.

[Myria]

It‘s せずに

勉強せずにテストに受かった。

[Jonapedia]

@Book_Wyrm

How do you use ずに together with the word する?

@Myria

It‘s せずに

@Book_Wyrm it might help you to know that the ずに structure is much closer to Classical Japanese than to Modern Japanese, which is the reason you’re seeing the old negation stem of する (せ) instead of the modern negation stem (し) . It would make perfect sense to use し if ずに were a Modern Japanese form, but it isn’t. That’s why you tend to find ずに in literature and more formal contexts.

[Book_Wyrm]

Hey, thanks, that’s really interesting.
I love learning about etymology and relations to Classical Japanese.

[shan3sc0tt]

する changes to せ when adding ずに, which is also same when attaching it to ○○ざるをえない (No choice but (slightly archaic))
Though be sure to remember that using ずに does carry a more formal tone than ○○ないで○○