The “official” radicals come from the 18th century chinese Kangxi dictionary, and not even all the 214 are in use in Japanese.
There are commonly-used nicknames, but they aren’t fully standardized.
Some Japanese language tests especially for natives like the Kanken do ask you to identify this “main radical” of a kanji though.
And you can look up Kanji in most dictionaries using their main radical, but you don’t need names for that.
https://kanjialive.com/214-traditional-kanji-radicals/
There’s an article about it from Tofugu, also explaining how some radicals were named.
See the “Identifying the Radical” section
WK’s radical system is much better suited to create mnemonics.