I’m glad I’m not the only one having a lot of trouble with this chapter!
My (slightly long) answer
I also had a lot of trouble with that panel so I turned to Deepl. The Deepl translation is more along the lines of (paraphrasing a bit) “While X are shirking the duty to pay taxes, X only keep claiming rights.” So Deepl is keeping the subject X the same in both parts of the sentence, which is usually how Japanese sentences work, I think.
Deepl used “you” as the subject for me, but that’s probably because it doesn’t know the context. I think the subject should logically be “they” here so that it becomes they dodge their duty + they assert rights, instead of they dodge their duty + you have a claim.
I think Ed is going along with the sentiments of the 中尉 here about how the miners are not paying their taxes but still think that have all kinds of rights regardless. That is why the 中尉 is agreeing so profusely in the next panel.
A panel that I’m still having trouble with is on page 126:
Panel and my question
The best I could come up with for this panel was (rough translation):
(right side): Even if I were to give you money here, it would immediately be taken away as taxes.
(left side): If it were used for the preservation of that place of yours for a temporary reprieve, こっち => I?, も also, たまったもんじゃねー => cannot tolerate that?
Edit: ah, a その場しのぎ is something like: a stop-gap measure, a band-aid. Still not sure about the sentence as a whole, though.
My translation for the right side seems okay (but I’m not even 100% sure about that one), but the left-hand side I’m really not sure about… Any insights would be appreciated!