Thanks. I thought this is the ending for should/letโs.
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Yes, thatโs right, itโs the volitional ending of a verb, but what makes it the grammar point of โto try to/to be about toโ is being paired with ใจใใ
ใใคใใฌใใ!
Letโs pull off our shoes!
ใซใฌใณใฏใใคใใฌใใใจใใใใใ
Karen went to pull off her shoes, butโฆ
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Page 40 Sentence 2
ใใใฉใใใพใใง ใใใจ ใใคใ ใฒใจใคใซ ใชใฃใใใใซ ใฏใใคใใฆใใฌใ ใใจใ ใงใใพใงใใ
But as If the shoes weโre sticking to her feet, she isnโt able to take them off.
There are some words hat I didnโt knew how to translate them as Part of the Sentence.
ใฒใจใคใซ one piece
ใชใฃใใใใซ a Form of ใชใ to become
ใใจใ thing
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This week was a Lot more difficult. I still have a few Pages to translate.
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Page 40 Sentence 3
ใใใ ใฒใใ ใใใ ใตใฃใฆใ ใฒใ ใฆใใคใใฆใใใตใใตใใซ ใชใใชใใใใใซใฌใณใฏ ใใฉใใคใฅใใชใใใฐ ใชใใพใใใงใใใ
both night and day rain falls and sun shines down, although giddily Karen would keep on dancing.
I donโt understand how the ใชใใพใใใงใใ fits into the Sentence. And what exactly means the phrase ใชใใชใใใ? I translated it as โalthoughโ.
Page 41 Sentence 1
ใซใฌใณใฏ ใใฉใใชใใใใพใ ใพใกใฎ ใปใใธ ใใฃใฆ ใใพใใใ
Karen, while still Dancing, came along her hometown.
Page 41 Sentence 2
ใใใจใใใใใพใฎ ใใใใใใฒใคใใ ใฏใใณใ ใใใฆ ใใพใใ
Thereupon, a coffin was carried Out of the House of the Madame.
Page 41 Sentence 3
ใใใใพใฏใใคใใซ ใใใชใฃใ ใฎใงใใ
In the end the Madame passed away.
Page 41 Sentence 4
ใซใฌใณใฏใใฏใใใ ใใใใ ใใใฟใพใใใ
Karens fierce Heart ached.
Page 41 Sentence 5
ใใใงใใใใฉใใคใฅใใใฐ ใชใใชใ ใใถใใฎ ใฟใฎใใใใใใใใใ ใใใใพใใใ
But she still kept in Dancing and couldnโt resist her destiny she bitterly thought.
Page 42 Sentence 1
ใใใใใใใชใใจใใใฆ ใใฎ ใใคใจใใฏใชใใชใใใฐ!
Ah! Get me somehow already free from These shoes!
Page 42 Sentence 2
ใซใฌใณใฏใใฉใใชใใใใใใฎ ใฏใใใซ ใใ ใใณใใใใใซใใฎ ใจใใใธ ใใฃใฆใใใ ใใฎใใ ใฎใงใใ
Karen while Dancing, went to the headmans place who lived in the outskirts of the forest to beg.
How is ใใtranslated?
Page 42 Sentence 3
ใใฎใใฎใใใใ ใใคใ ใใใฏใชใใฆ ใใ ใใ!
Please cut Off These cursed shoes!
Page 42 Sentence 4
ใใณใใใใใซใใฏ ใซใฌใณใ ใใใใใใซ ใใใใใฌใใใ ใใชใใฆ ใใใพใใใ
The headsman granted the requests of the seriously pitiful Karen.
There are again some words I didnโt know how to Put them in the Sentence.
ใใใพใใ to do; to undertake; to perform
Does ใใใ mean seriously or thought?
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page 40 sentence 2
ใใใฉใใใพใใง ใใใจ ใใคใ ใฒใจใคใซ ใชใฃใใใใซ ใฏใใคใใฆใใฌใ ใใจใ ใงใใพใงใใ
Looks like this is the part of the sentence giving you trouble:
ใใใจ ใใคใ ใฒใจใคใซ ใชใฃใใใใซ ใฏใใคใใฆ
The ใจ particle here is just the regular โandโ usage.
Letโs break it down. One good way to understand the gist of a sentence without knowing every little piece is to look at the subject and the ending verb.
ใใใจ ใใคใ [โฆ] ใฏใใคใใฆ
Her feet and shoes [โฆ] were sticking together.
Hooray, you understand the sentence! If youโre short on time and canโt look up everything, you could move on now and keep reading.
Now, for the middle part:
ใฒใจใคใซ ใชใฃใใใใซ
ใฒใจใค - one
ใซใชใ - to become
ใใใซ - as if, like
โas if they had become oneโ
This whole section is an adverbial phrase which modifies the ending verb. We already know the verb is โto stick,โ so this is describing how her feet and shoes are sticking; theyโre sticking as if they had become one.
ใพใใง ใใใจ ใใคใ ใฒใจใคใซ ใชใฃใใใใซ ใฏใใคใใฆ
Her feet and shoes were sticking together entirely as if they had become one
page 40 sentence 3
ใใใ ใฒใใ ใใใ ใตใฃใฆใ ใฒใ ใฆใใคใใฆใใใตใใตใใซ ใชใใชใใใใใซใฌใณใฏ ใใฉใใคใฅใใชใใใฐ ใชใใพใใใงใใใ
The meaning of ใ here is more like โtoo/evenโ
Verb + ใฆใ is also โevenโ
So all together this first part is just kind of listing conditions:
ใใใ ใฒใใ ใใใ ใตใฃใฆใ ใฒใ ใฆใใคใใฆใ
Even night, even day, even when raining, even when the sun is shining
ใตใใตใใซ ใชใใชใใใ
Combination of ใซใชใ - to become and ใชใใ - while
ใ is โevenโ
Even while becoming giddy/unsteady
ใซใฌใณใฏ ใใฉใใคใฅใใชใใใฐ ใชใใพใใใงใใใ
ใชใใใฐใชใใพใใ is one set phrase together, which means โmustโ
Itโs a combination of a negative conditional
ใใชใใใฐ - if (you) donโtโฆ
And a negative
ใชใใชใใปใชใใพใใ - it wonโt do
Together, it makes a double negative, which makes a positive.
ใคใฅใใชใใใฐใชใใพใใ
Lit: if Karen doesnโt continue, it wonโt do
Natural: Karen must continue
So all together itโs saying all the times when Karen must continue dancing- even when itโs rainy, sunny, when sheโs dizzy, etc.
page 41 sentence 4
Ah, because ใฏใใใ is the connecting form- ใฏใใใ that means itโs modifying the verb. Itโs a bit confusing because of the word order.
โKarenโs heart ached fiercelyโ
page 41 sentence 5
This one is a bit confusing.
ใใฉใใคใฅใใใฐ ใชใใชใ ใใถใใฎ ใฟใฎใใ
Hereโs the same ใใฉใใคใฅใใชใใใฐใชใใชใ - โmust continue dancingโ
And then together it makes a noun phrase, describing ใใถใใฎ ใฟใฎใใ
[ใใฉใใคใฅใใใฐ ใชใใชใ] ใใถใใฎ ใฟใฎใใ
[ must continue dancing] oneโs destiny
oneโs destiny of continuing to dance
Piecing together this sentence is a bit confusing, but Iโd say itโs something like
โKaren thought bitterly that her destiny is continuing to dance.โ
page 42 sentence 2
โthusโ
ใใใใฎใใ - She begged thusly:
page 42 sentence 4
ใใณใใใใใซใใฏ ใซใฌใณใ ใใใใใใซ ใใใ
Hrrrmmmm, the usage of ใใใ is a bit confusing here, but Iโd say itโs something like:
ใซใฌใณใ ใใใใใใซ ใใใ
Literal: Thinking of Karen with pity
Natural: Taking pity on Karen
ใฆใใ is a very casual/often rude form of ใฆใใใ, to do for someone. Youโre not supposed to use it when speaking because itโs considered rude, but youโll see it all the time in books, like here.
ใญใใใ ใใชใใฆ ใใใพใใ
He granted the request (for her.)
All together:
Taking pity on Karen, the executioner granted her request.
You can see that most of the tricky grammar here actually disappears in the natural English translation, which happens sometimes.
I would say altogether youโre doing really well with these!
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Thanks for your Help again. I would be completely lost without you.
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No problem, happy to help! 
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Page 43 Sentence 1
ใใใจ ใตใใใช ใใจใซใใใใใ ใซใฌใณใฎ ใใใ ใใใใใใ ใใคใ ใฏใใ ใพใพใใใใใใจ ใใฉใใชใใใใใใฎ ใใใธ ใใฃใฆ ใใพใใพใใใ
Thereupon He strangely Cut only through Karens feet. The remaining Red shoes, while Spinning and Dancing, moved deep into the forest.
Page 43 Sentence 2
ใใง ใใใใฎ ใใใ ใคใใฃใฆ ใใใใใซใฌใณใฏ ใพใกใธ ใใฉใฃใฆ ใใพใใใ
With the foot-replacements of Wood that she received, Karen returned to the town.
Page 44 Sentence 1
ใใใง ใใใใฏ ใใใใใใใใช ใใใใพใใใ
By this for a short time she felt saved.
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Page 44 Sentence 2
ใจใใใ ใจใใใใใใใฆ ใใใจใใใฎใพใใ ใใฎ ใใใ ใใค ใใใใใใใจ ใใฉใใชใใ
ใใฉใใใใ ใงใฏ ใใใพใใ ใใ
However, Walking on the street, she didnโt Pass through, IT looked Like those Red shoes were Spinning and Dancing in Front of her eyes.
Page 44 Sentence 3
ใซใฌใณใฏ ใใฃใจ ใฟใถใใใใพใใใ
Karen was shivering with fear.
Page 44 Sentence 4
ใซใใใใใซ ใใใ ใใฆใใใใ ใใใใฆ ใใใใใใฎ ใใใพใง ใใพใใใ
She started to run Like fleeing, gasping for Air, until she reached the Gate of the church.
Page 44 Sentence 5
ใใใจ ใพใใใใฎ ใใใฎ ใพใใใใใฎ ใใใใใคใ ใใใใฃใฆ ใใใฎใงใใ
Thereupon again, in Front of that Gate, those Red shoes crossed her way.
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Page 45 Sentence 1
ใใญใใใใใ ใใใฆ!
Please Stop already!
Page 45 Sentence 2
ใใใใใฎ ใซใฌใณใฏใใใใใใใฎ ใชใใง ใใฃใใใใใใใ ใฏใใใใพใใใ
After that Karen worked very hard inside the church.
Page 45 Sentence 3
ใใใ ใคใใใฎ ใ ใใฐใใชใใใใใใใใใใฎ ใชใใ ใใใใซ ใใใใใฆใใใพใฃใฆ ใใ ใฒใจใ ใใใฐใใใใใ ใฆใ ใใใใฆ ใใใพใใใ
While her painful Leg was also looked after, she was scrubbing the inside of the church Clean, it was troubling when there were people, Kind Help โฆ
ใใใ ใคใใใฎ ใ ใใฐใใชใใใใ
While her painful Leg was also looked after,
ใใใใใใฎ ใชใใ ใใใใซ ใใใใใฆใ
was scrubbing the inside of the church Clean,
ใใพใฃใฆ ใใ ใฒใจใ ใใใฐใ
It was troubling when there were people
ใใใใ ใฆใ ใใใใฆ ใใใพใใใ
Kind help โฆ
Iโm Not Sure how to translate ใใใ.
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page 43 sentence 1
Ok I looked this up and I think ใตใใใชใใจใซ is one phrase all by itself meaning โcuriously; strangely,โ instead of modifying the action of cutting.
ใใใจ ใตใใใช ใใจใซใ
Thereupon, strangely enough,
[ ใใใใ ] ใซใฌใณใฎ ใใใ ใใ
Noun phrase here
Literal: the cut-off Karenโs feet only
Natural: Only Karenโs feet, which had been cut off
ใใใ ใใคใ ใฏใใ ใพใพ
ใพใพ means like โin the state ofโ so literally this is like โin the state of wearing the red shoesโ
Weโre still talking about Karenโs cut off feet here, so itโs describing their state: they are still wearing the red shoes.
ใใใจ ใตใใใช ใใจใซใใใใใ ใซใฌใณใฎ ใใใ ใใใใใใ ใใคใ ใฏใใ ใพใพ
Thereupon, strangely enough, Karenโs cut-off feet which were still wearing the red shoes (moved deep into the forest etc)
page 44 sentence 2
Ah, I think you ran into a problem with the ending of the sentence here.
ใจใใใ ใจใใใใใใใฆ ใใใจ
ใจ would be the โwhenโ usage here
However, when she was walking down the street
ใใฎใพใใ ใใฎ ใใใ ใใค ใใใใใใใจ ใใฉใใชใใ ใจใใใใใ ใงใฏ ใใใพใใ ใใ
For this section the important thing to note is that the whole thing is about ใใใใใคใWe know the red shoes are the subject because theyโre marked with ใ
So, if we take out the middle part:
ใใฎใพใใ ใใฎ ใใใ ใใค ใใ[โฆ] ใใใพใใ ใใ
ใใใพใใ is negative, but donโt forget the question marker ใ at the end
[โฆ] ใใใใใคใ [โฆ] ใใใพใใ
It was not the red shoes
[โฆ] ใใใใใคใ [โฆ] ใใใพใใใ
Was it not the red shoes?
The question marker with the negative here functions the same way as in English and expresses surprise.
ใใฎใพใใ ใใฎ ใใใ ใใค ใใ[โฆ] ใใใพใใ ใใ
Was that not the red shoes before her eyes?
ใใฎใพใใ ใใฎ ใใใ ใใค ใใใใใใใจ ใใฉใใชใใ ใจใใใใใ ใงใฏ ใใใพใใ ใใ
Was that not the red shoes, dancing giddily and passing by, right before her eyes?
page 44 sentence 4
I think ใใใซ here is โin order toโ
ใซใใใใใซ ใใใ ใใฆ
In order to escape she started running
page 45 sentence 3
ใใใ is one of the giving/receiving verbs, meaning to do for someone. The giving/receiving verbs are covered in Genki 2, just to give you an idea of what will come up in your studies eventually. Here it means that something was given by Karen, to โ other people. (Not the other way around, as in something was given to Karen)
[ ใใพใฃใฆ ใใ ] ใฒใจ
Noun phrase- troubled people/people with troubles
ใใพใฃใฆ ใใ ใฒใจใ ใใใฐใ
If there were troubled people,
ใใใใ ใฆใ ใใใใฆ ใใใพใใใ
Literal: She kindly gave help to them
Natural: She kindly helped them
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Iโm finally all caught up! I just need to read the chapter for this week.
Again, super fun, and I learned a lot. I just have an unreasonable amount of pages open for a bunch of grammar points so Iโm honestly debating whether I should study those, or rush through Genki II first, because chances are, Iโll encounter a lot of them there.
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Youโll encounter a lot of the grammar points in Genki 2 so I would say just keep working on that. Itโll have the rest of the major verb forms (like passive) and so on. Weโve occasionally encountered N3 grammar here but that kind of stuff tends to be smaller things that are easier to look up when you see them, so itโs less necessary to study them ahead of time imo.
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Page 45 Sentence 4
ใซใฌใณใใใใฃใใใใใใใ ใฏใใใใฎใ ใฟใฆใใฒใจใณใจใฏ ใใใพใใใ
Karen has been Seen working very hard, people Said.
What does ใฎใ mean?
Page 46 Sentence 1
ใซใฌใณใฏ ใปใใจใซ ใใ ใฒใจใญใ
Karen really was a good Person.
Page 46 Sentence 2
ใใฉใใใกใ ใซใฌใณใฎ ใใจใ ใ ใใใใงใใซใฌใณใฎ ใพใใใฏ ใใคใใใซใใใใช ใใใใใใง ใฟใใใใฆ ใใพใใใ
Because the children also liked Karen, Karens surroundings were always filled with lively sounds of laughter.
Page 46 Sentence 3
ใซใฌใณใฎ ใใใใฏ ใชใใใใใใใตใใใณ ใใใ ใใคใ ใฟใ ใใจใฏ ใชใใฃใ ใฎใงใใใ
Karens Heart became able again to comfortably See Red shoes.
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Reading this has been an interesting experience. I figured a childrenโs book would be super easy with more simple grammar, but then the other issue comes forth with it primarily being Kana. I always knew the value of Kanji over Kana, but man trying to read something thatโs all Kana is a nightmare. Iโm not only trying to decipher what is the kana version of a Kanji versus something being a particle or conjugation of a Kanji, but then once I decide something is a Kana version of a Kanji I have to figure out WHAT Kanji it is. I see the value in doing this since when listening itโs the same thing, no Kanji to help give you info just the sounds so doing this will help with that. But MAN is it difficult.
Anyway, Iโm needing a bit of help with the second sentence of the chapter.
ๅญใฉใใใกใใซใฌใณใฎใใจใๅคงใใใงใใซใฌใณใฎใพใใใฏใใคใใใซใใใใชใใใใใใงใฟใใใใฆใใพใใใ
ๅญใฉใใใกใ
Apprently this means children since ๅญ is Kanji for Child, ใฉใ is the kana version of ไพ which means companion or follower and together ๅญไพ means children, but then ใใก is a pluralizing ender? So like, why is it written like that? Why is it ๅญใฉใใใก instead of just ๅญใฉใ or ๅญใใก?
ใใจใ
I have no idea what this is doing in the sentence. ใใจ I assume is ไบ and ใ is there to be the subject marking particle, but I have no idea what it does in the sentence. ใซใฌใณใฎ is right before it so I would assume itโs meant to be possessive to โKarenโs Thingโ but that doesnโt make any sense?
ใใคใ
I assume this is just ไฝๆใ which means always?
ใซใใใใช
Iโm guessing this is meant to be ่ณใใ which means bustling, crowded, lively, and the ใช is meant to connect it to the next kana?
ใฟใใใใฆ
I think this is ๆบใใ in kana form? Which means to satisfy/fulfill/meet demands. But is this the passive conjugation of the verb which is then turned into the ใฆ form? So ๆบใใ > ๆบใใใใ > ๆบใใใใฆ? But even if that is how we got that final result, I still donโt know what this form does to the sentence? The nuances and impact it has is lost to me.
ใใพใใ
This is the polite past tense of some verb, but I have no idea what it is. It could be ๅฑ ใ, ่ฆใ, ็ใ, ๅฐใ, ๅ ฅใ, ้ณใ, ๆฒกใ, ็ใ, ็ใ, ๆฒใ. Obviously some fit better than others but I donโt know which it is.
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page 45 sentence 4
The direct object particle ใ needs to be paired with a noun.
ใซใฌใณใใฟใ
To see Karen
Sometimes, however, a verb or a phrase ending in a verb can be used as the direct object of a sentence. When this happens, it needs to be nominalized (turned into a noun) so it can function as the direct object. In Japanese this can simply be done by adding ใฎ to the verb.
ใฏใใใใฎใ ใฟใฆ
To see working
Who is working?
ใซใฌใณใใใใฃใใใใใใใใฏใใใใฎ
Karen is working as hard as she can
Together:
ใซใฌใณใใใใฃใใใใใใใ ใฏใใใใฎใ ใฟใฆใใฒใจใณใจใฏ ใใใพใใใ
Upon seeing Karen working as hard as she could, people said:
Page 46 sentence 3
This is two separate phrases:
ใซใฌใณใฎ ใใใใฏ ใชใใใใใ
Karenโs heart was comforted, and
ใตใใใณ ใใใ ใใคใ ใฟใ ใใจใฏ ใชใใฃใ ใฎใงใใใ
I just talked about the nominalizer ใฎ earlier. ใใจ is also a nominalizer, and can turn a whole phrase into a noun
ใตใใใณ ใใใ ใใคใ ใฟใ
Seeing the red shoes once more
ใตใใใณ ใใใ ใใคใ ใฟใ ใใจใฏ
Literal: the thing/ occurrence of seeing the red shoes once more
ใชใใฃใ ใฎใงใใใ
Was not
ใตใใใณ ใใใ ใใคใ ใฟใ ใใจใฏ ใชใใฃใ ใฎใงใใใ
Literal: The thing of seeing the red shoes again was nonexistent.
Natural: She never saw the red shoes again.
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Copying the explanations from the other topic in case someone else has the same questions later.
ใซใใใใช
And for the other questions:
Yes, ใใคใ means always, but youโll usually see it written in hiragana anyways.
Passive voice
Itโs the second meaning of ๆบใใ listed on jisho:
ใซใฌใณใฎใพใใใฏใใคใใ
Karenโs surroundings always
ใซใใใใชใใใใใใง
With lively laughing voices
ใฟใใใใฆใใพใใใ
Were filled
The ใใ here is the ใฆใใ form indicating continuity.
Together:
Karenโs surroundings were always filled with the lively sounds of laughing voices.
ใใใ here indicates passive voice. We have active vs passive voice in English too, consider the difference between:
I filled Karenโs surroundings with lively voices.
Karenโs surroundings were filled with lively voices.
In the first sentence, the subject, me, was doing the filling, creating the active voice. In the second sentence, the subject is Karen, and the โdoingโ of the filling action is done by an unseen actor, creating passive voice.
More active/passive sentences in English:
My dog bit me. (active)
I was bitten by my dog (passive)
I wrote an essay. (active)
The essay was written by me. (passive)
I washed my car. (active)
My car was washed. (passive)
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I thought so too! The grammar and vocabulary were a little bit more simple and easier to understand!
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