The vocabulary word that came right after this lesson is 美人 and indeed it clarifies that for some reason this is used to refer to women only in modern Japanese
Apologies, I jumped to ask in the Community too soon
I have occasionally seen it used for men, but it may be more modern, and/or that they’re beautiful in a feminine or androgynous way. The only example I remember off the top of my head is Richard from 宝石商リチャード氏の謎鑑定, whose beauty was described in the same breath as surpassing gender.
年齢不詳、誰もが唖然とするレベルの性別を超えた絶世の美人。
(絶世の美女 is an expression [phrase] meaning “woman of unmatched beauty,” and that could easily enough have been changed to 美男 for him, but the author decided to go with 美人 instead, which could be significant.)
Men are more likely to be described as 美男, although I think that’s also not that common.
As does one for “beautiful person”. (The OED entry for “beautiful” applied to people says “now esp. of women” and “When used of a man, now usually with connotations of femininity”, so the meaning of the English word has drifted over the centuries.)
The slant in what can be called 美しい is long standing, according to 日本国語大辞典: the original usage (1000+ years ago) was restricted to 妻、子、孫、老母など as an affectionate word used towards close but lower in status relations. It wasn’t until the medieval period that it broadened out to be used for natural beauty, artificial beauty and gaudy kinds of beauty. Finally in the Meiji era it developed into being able to refer to abstract ideas of beauty and beauty in a fully general sense (almost certainly influenced by the word in English and other western languages).
Lol this reminds me of the time I chatted with a younger Japanese guy on HelloTalk. He was hitting on me and I responded with 「Aさんは美人です」.That cracked him up and he responded 「男だよ」 or something to that effect, I still stand by my assessment.
Apparently, it becomes 絶世佳人 in Mandarin Chinese, and I also saw 佳人 (in Japanese) very recently (and I didn’t recall the reading of the first Kanji then).
Furthermore, a monolingual definition of 絶世 also includes の美人.