What exactly does the が mean in this context?
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It’s similar to “but” in English and works essentially the same as けど and its variants, but is more formal:
So a translation would be something like “Sorry, but a café is a little… How about the library?”
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When it connects two sentences, does it ALWAYS mean “but” or “however” or can it have a different purpose?
https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/が-ga-subject-marker-particle/
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Yeah, in S1がS2, the が has a somewhat wider use than English “but”, which always sets up a contrast. See the section “が and けど for Providing Context” in the Tofugu article for some examples.
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