Since I am not native English I am not sure what the difference is between “throughout the year” and “during the year”. Maybe there is a better way to say “during the year” in Japanese? I am curious ! 
Thank you very much !
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Throughout the year implies that something is continuous for the entire year. During the year implies that something can take place at any time within the next year.
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“Throughout the year” isn’t necessarily continuous, but it can be, and it’s definitely repeated/often/regular. “During the year” doesn’t really hold those connotations.
I think “during the year” is probably better suited to listing things that you do or that happen within a year, while “throughout the year” is for things that are pretty much constant. i.e. during the year I might go on a small vacation once or twice, but I’ll relax at home throughout the year.
年中 also has an adverbial usage that means “always; all the time; perpetually” (いつも; 終始), which has much the same feel as “throughout the year; year-round”
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Incidentally, 年中 would mean both, no?
I am also not an English native speaker, but I feel the Japanese word captures both meanings.
Kenkyusha GG5’s glosses for it are “the whole year; every day of the year; at all times of the year; (all) the year round; throughout the year; in all seasons (of the year); at any season; from year’s end to year’s end; throughout the year”, and Daijisen’s entry is “1年の間。年間。” with ~間, not ~間に. So that doesn’t seem to me to include “during the year”.
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I think I see what you mean now with the extra examples.
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I see. I understand now! 
Thank you!
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