I just finished the Dec. 2 pre-vetted selection, 一房の葡萄 by 有島武郎 and I really enjoyed the story.
It took me two days to finish this, mainly due to my embryonic reading skills, but also because I kept stopping to read about Arishima’s background (which is equally, if not more tragic than the first selection!!), his stay in the US, his complicated relationship with Christianity and socialism…etc etc. It is all new to me, so I found it really interesting. Maybe the fact that I took so long to get through the story forced me to chew on it longer than I normally would have, if I had better reading skills…not sure… the blog post @soggyboy shared was great, thank you!
Some thoughts about a bunch of grapes
Tdlr: blah blah blah
This should be taken with a grain of salt:
It’s a children’s moral story on the surface I guess, but it is really about Arishima’s feelings of inferiority and “outsider-ness” in his own hometown of Yokohama living among a lot of foreigners and going to a school where he is possibly one of very few Japanese students. It was in an era when missionaries were teaching a different/better way to live and therefore foreigners seemed superior in some ways in the minds of some Japanese. So he’s having an identity crisis of sorts.
Conflicting feelings about foreigners - Jim is the foreigner who possesses something superior the boy doesn’t have and that he covets. He has the paints, the friends, he’s big and confident. Yet, the boy also implies that Jim himself isn’t superior and may not deserve such high quality paints when he says 「それでもその絵具をぬると、下手な絵さえがなんだか見ちがえるように美しく見えるのです。」So he’s both envious and dismissive of Jim… ?
The significance of colors - The blog post shared by @soggyboy goes into detail about the paint colors that were stolen. There are three colors that stand out in the story: blue, red and purple. The Blue/Indigo (藍色 - あいいろ) is a uniquely Japanese color that comes from a traditional dyeing method and is highly praised by the West. The Crimson Red aka carmine (洋紅色 -ようこうしょく) was introduced by the West to Japan in the late Edo era. The boy wants to paint a beautiful picture of the deep indigo sea with the masted ships that have a crimson red line just above the water-line. He needs both the blue and the red paints. But no matter how he tries with this own paints, he can’t get the color right. That’s because he doesn’t have the good paints like Jim has. Following the theft & confrontation, his beautiful (western?) teacher resolves the conflict and gives the boy Purple grapes. The story specifies they are European grapes that are growing in Japan and are delicious. By breaking the bunch of grapes into two and giving each of the boys half, it’s a resolution and kind of peace offering between the two boys. So… blend red and blue together and you get purple… To me the story ends with the message that you can’t make the beautiful painting without both the Japanese color and the Western-derived color, and that embracing the two (purple) is better than being envious of the West…
If you look at Arishima’s own personal history, he appeared to struggle with his identity and values, trying to find a place he was mentally comfortable inhabiting. First jumping both feet into Christianity and its values, studying and even volunteering with the Quakers in the US, but then rejecting it years later out of dissatisfaction with the practice not producing the desired results in society. In his next attempt to find a solution to inequality or injustice, he embraced socialism to the point where he ceded ownership of a gigantic tract of inherited farmland in Hokkaido and handed it over to a farming cooperative. (sadly that cooperative in Niseko seems to have been dissolved and privatized a couple of decades later at the end of WW2)
I had an earlier theory about the boy’s affection for the teacher. Arishima’s wife died of tuberculosis in 1916, leaving him and his three children behind. A year later he renounced Christianty. And a couple of years later, he began an affair with a married woman who he really loved. I thought the affair and the moral/ethical quandary it produced may have occurred around the same time A Bunch of Grapes was written and could explain the story themes. However, the story was first written in 1920 and later published as a collection in 1922. From what I could find, Arishima met and began his affair with Akiko Hatano (editor of a women’s magazine and wife of an alleged womanizer) in 1922, so the timing is off…
The story also reminded me a popular children’s poem & song called 赤い靴 (red shoes) written by Ujō Noguchi (野口 雨情) right around the same time, in 1922. It’s really sad because it’s about someone (the mom?) who misses a little Japanese girl who is taken away by missionaries to live a better(?) life overseas. In the song, the person wonders if her eyes have turned blue from living over there, and imagines that the girl asks the foreigners when she can go back to Japan. In the same time frame as A Bunch of Grapes, the song/poem is about similar issues - the influence of foreigners on Japanese, and the feelings of loss from how Japanese identity is being affected…? I found out about the song because I came across the statue in Yokohama’s Yamashita Park many years ago.
[disclaimer: who knows if any of this makes sense, but it was really fun for me to read and think about the story and the author. It is unfortunate, but I will probably continue reading the awesome pre-vetted selections at a much slower pace than the group
, but I look forward to reading comments as I finish each reading
]