https://sdsu-dspace.calstate.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.10/1203/Townsend_Hiroko.pdf
This paper is how I first found out about phonetic components. It may be helpful to you, at the end of the paper she presents an appendix containing mostly and completely regular phonetic components. The paper itself is an interesting read on how phonetic components might be integrated into Japanese pedagogy.
I never bothered to actually try to study phonetic components themselves, but I definitely noticed it became much easier for me to learn and remember readings after I started paying attention to how kanji with similar radicals often had similar readings, I can even guess the readings of unknown kanji with a fairly high accuracy now, which makes reading much easier.