I’ve been thinking a lot about the question of immersion vs other study tools, because it’s one that so many people have such strong opinions on. The thing that continues to baffle me is the assumption people seem to make that if you’re using a textbook, or using a program like WaniKani, that you must have chosen that as your sole form of exposure to the language.
I spent a year and a half immersing myself (as my primary form of entertainment) in a type of Japanese media that only occasionally has subtitles or translations, with essentially no background in the language before then, and I learned only a small handful of words and phrases from it. I did learn a fair amount about Japanese culture (largely from the small amount of translation that was available), and a few things like the fact that Japanese companies often use a 24 hour clock, but I could not parse actual sentences (they just sounded like a blur of sound to me), and I made essentially no progress toward actually learning the language in a meaningful manner. I’m not going to attempt to add up the total amount of hours I have spent watching Japanese pro wrestling (and seeing tweets in Japanese about it on my twitter feed) lol but it is hundreds and hundreds of hours.
Then last fall, I made the decision to actually try learning the language. I memorized hiragana and katakana, and right away, that study time paid off, and I could read the katakana names of foreign wrestlers, and could also read words like タッグマッチ and ベルト. Suddenly, my ability to actually productively learn from my immersion went up by a lot.
I found WaniKani at the end of December, and literally from level one, I started noticing WK kanji (and vocab!) in wrestling shows. Not long after that, I started learning grammar from Japanese Ammo with Misa, and my ability to actually learn Japanese from watching wrestling went up again. Then I started reading Minna no Nihongo, and my ability to actually learn words and grammar from wrestling increased even more.
Thanks to a combination of all three sources, especially WK, with its constant practice with hiragana and kanji and audio reinforcement of all of the words, I started to gain the ability to hear spoken Japanese as actual sentences, with word and particle pairs and verbs at the end (even without knowing the meaning of the actual vocab). I could actually transcribe spoken Japanese and make out the specific sounds of the language and guess how words were spelled.
I suppose if I stopped with WK and MNN now and put every minute of my spare time into only reading and watching native materials, I’d maybe actually have a chance to be able to figure them out. It would be an awful lot of work and be very frustrating, but I probably have enough of a base where I could actually learn through immersion. I’m already able to jump ahead in my studies a bit and learn things just from immersion that I have yet to get to in WK or my textbook.
But, that said, using WK and a textbook got me to a level of baseline familiarity with the language at a much quicker and more efficient rate than all the time I spent immersing without using any sort of structured tools. WK and MNN (and Japanese Ammo with Misa, and Tofugu articles, and the many various other sources I’ve read) have also made me feel much more confident about learning, and have made it feel like it’s actually possible for me to learn Japanese, instead of forever being dependent on the work of translators. The importance of this is often understated, I think, when evaluating different tools and methods.
I think also, with regards to the question of efficiency, it depends on what you’re planning on using the language for. I have a few friends who are pretty much exclusively immersing themselves in wrestling to learn Japanese (whereas I’m planning on reading manga and news and other mediums, once I get further along). If you’re only interested in one very specific thing, WK and textbooks are probably too broad of a tool to use, and you will likely learn a lot of things that you don’t actually need (and therefore you will likely forget them anyway), so a lot of the time you spend will be wasted.
But if you have a goal of more general fluency and are getting exposure to a variety of native materials, having a broader base of knowledge isn’t going to hurt you. I’m not overly concerned about forgetting things and having to look them up again. The fact that I already learned them once should make it easier to pick them up again in the future. I often forget the precise meaning of some English words and more obscure grammar and have to look them up again. And besides, with wrestling at least, all kinds of ridiculous and strange things come up in promos and such, so you truly never know what weird vocabulary you’re going to need to know, haha. Like, I know a wrestler whose finisher is a pun on the Japanese word for canned cat food. I feel like if your scope is too narrow, these are the kinds of things you’re going to end up missing. Maybe the trade-off is a more imperfect understanding of many things instead of a more perfect understanding of fewer things, but if you keep at this long enough, both will eventually get you to the same place.
