LemonPirate's study/teaching class (Report/manuscript writing in Japanese)

The best way to study something is to try to teach others.
Following this way has helped me a lot in my career and I feel it will also work for learning Japanese.
Which is the reason for me to start this post.

Currently I am learning Japanese expression at an intermediate level which is mainly focused on writing reports/manuscripts and giving presentation. So the posts will focus on that for a while.
I will be happy if someone gets value out of what I am doing, and will appreciate your comments or questions.

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Letโ€™s begin.

When writing manuscripts, or reports the most basic rule it to not to use ใงใ™๏ผใพใ™form and instead use ใ ๏ผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ form.
ใงใ‚ใ‚‹form is preferred over ใ  form when writing manuscripts or formal reports.

Letโ€™s see how to change ใงใ™๏ผใพใ™ to ใ ๏ผใงใ‚ใ‚‹

Noun๏ผš
Nใงใ™ โ†’ Nใงใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผใ ใ€‚
้Ž็–ŽๅŒ–ใฏๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚โ†’ ้Ž็–ŽๅŒ–ใฏๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใงใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผใ ใ€‚

ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚โ†’ ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚

ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ชฒ้กŒใงใ—ใŸใ€‚โ†’ ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ชฒ้กŒใงใ‚ใฃใŸ๏ผใ ใฃใŸใ€‚

ใใ‚ŒใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚โ†’ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚

Next post will be on changing adjectives and verb to ใงใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผใ  form.

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How to change sentences ending in adjectives from ใงใ™๏ผใพใ™ form to ใ ๏ผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ form

na adjective ๏ผš follows the same rule as noun

ไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใŒ่ค‡้›‘ใงใ™ใ€‚โ†’ ไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใŒ่ค‡้›‘ใงใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผใ ใ€‚

ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚โ†’ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚

่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ**ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ—ใŸ**ใ€‚โ†’ ่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ**ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ‚ใฃใŸ๏ผใ ใฃใŸ**ใ€‚

ๅฎนๆ˜“ใงใฏ**ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ**ใ€‚โ†’ ๅฎนๆ˜“ใงใฏ**ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ**ใ€‚

i adjective: remove the ใงใ™ at the end.

ๅŒ—ๆตท้“ใฏๅคใŒ**็Ÿญใ„ใงใ™**ใ€‚โ†’ ๅŒ—ๆตท้“ใฏๅคใŒ**็Ÿญใ„**ใ€‚

ใใฎๅทฎใฏ**ๅคงใใใชใ„ใงใ™**ใ€‚โ†’ใใฎๅทฎใฏ**ๅคงใใใชใ„**ใ€‚

ๅฝผใฎ็™บ่จ€ใฏ็–‘ใ‚ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚โ†’ ๅฝผใฎ็™บ่จ€ใฏ็–‘ใ‚ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚

ไปŠๅนดใฏ็ฉ้›ช้‡ใŒๅคšใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚โ†’ ไปŠๅนดใฏ็ฉ้›ช้‡ใŒๅคšใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚

โ€ฆand finally, the verb.

When writing manuscripts just end the sentences with dictionary form of verb and all will be good.

Examples

่ณ‡ๆ–™ใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ†’ ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚

๏ฝžใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๆ‰ฑใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚โ†’ ๏ฝžใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๆ‰ฑใ‚ใชใ„ใ€‚

ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚’ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚โ†’ ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚’ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใŸใ€‚

่ชฟๆŸปใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚โ†’ ่ชฟๆŸปใ‚’่กŒใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚

Other sentence ending forms that should not be used when writing manuscripts (in left) and their replacements (in right).

  • ไบ‹ๅฎŸใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ โ†’ ไบ‹ๅฎŸใชใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผใ ใ€‚

  • ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚โ†’ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†๏ผใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚

  • ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚โ†’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚

  • ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚โ†’ ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„๏ผใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใ€‚

  • ๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚โ†’ ๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚

  • ไป–ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“โ†’ไป–ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใชใ„ใ€‚

  • ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚โ†’่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ ๏ผใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚

  • ไบ‹ๅฎŸใชใ‚“ใงใ™โ†’ไบ‹ๅฎŸใชใฎใ ๏ผใชใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚

  • ใ„ใ„ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚โ†’ใ„ใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹๏ผใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚

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Other rules when writing manuscripts.

  1. Donโ€™t use ใ“ใฎ๏ฝž like ใ“ใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡๏ฝž or ใ“ใฎๅฎŸ้จ“๏ฝž etc

Instead use ๆœฌ่ซ–ๆ–‡๏ฝž ๆœฌๅฎŸ้จ“๏ฝž etc.

  1. Donโ€™t use particles like ใญใ€ใ‚ˆใ€ใ‚ใ€‚
    For example. ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚should be written as ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
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Next lets look at list of words that are often used when speaking but should be avoided when writing reports/manuscripts.

We start with adverbs that should not be used and their replacements.

ใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒปใ™ใ”ใ โ†’ ้žๅธธใซใƒปๅคงๅค‰ใƒปๆฅตใ‚ใฆ

ๅ…จ็„ถ โ†’ ๅ…จใ

ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ โ†’ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒปๅคšๅฐ‘ใƒป่‹ฅๅนฒ

ๅ…จ้ƒจ โ†’ ๅ…จใฆ

ใฉใ‚“ใฉใ‚“ โ†’ ๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซใƒปๆ€ฅๆฟ€ใซ

ใ ใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ โ†’ ๆฌก็ฌฌใซใƒปๅพใ€…ใซ

ใŸใถใ‚“ โ†’ ใŠใใ‚‰ใ

ใ„ใกใฐใ‚“ โ†’ ๆœ€ใ‚‚

ใ‚‚ใฃใจ โ†’ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒปๆ›ดใซ

็ตถๅฏพใซ โ†’ ๅฟ…ใš

ไปŠ โ†’ ็พๅœจ

Thatโ€™s a lot of adverbs to avoid.

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This was actually a super helpful list because Iโ€™m still very much at the beginner level, but Iโ€™ve been working on translating recaps for pro wrestling shows (hereโ€™s an example of one; click the button under ๅคงไผšใƒใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ to see it), and your list helped clarify to me some of the word meanings and choices that I see in the recaps.

The wrestlers quoted in the recaps tend to use the more informal spoken language on the left, and the recap itself tends to use the words on the right. I have flash cards for a bunch of the words on both sides of this list in the various SRS that I use, but I hadnโ€™t realized there was this kind of distinction there with the usage.

Super cool! Thanks for sharing!

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Thanks for commenting.
I am flattered that what I am trying to do it helping someone. Written Japanese is a separate beast in itself and needs a lot of practice if that is the ultimate aim.

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Early morning short post:

After adverbs lets look at conjugations that have no place in your manuscript.

ใงใ‚‚ โ†’ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใƒปใ ใŒ

ใ‘ใฉ โ†’ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใƒปใ ใŒ

ใใ‚Œใง โ†’ ใใฎใŸใ‚

ใใ‚Œใซ โ†’ ใใฎไธŠใƒปใ•ใ‚‰ใซใƒปใพใŸ

ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ โ†’ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ

Last set of words and forms that are no go in formal writing. After this we will move on to the equally interesting topic of ้€ฃ็”จไธญๆญขๅฝขใ€‚

ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒปใฎใง โ†’ ใŸใ‚

ใจใ โ†’ ใ•ใ„

ใ“ใ‚“ใช๏ฝžใƒปใใ‚“ใช๏ฝž โ†’ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช

ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ๏ฝž โ†’ ๅคšใใฎ

ใ ใ„ใŸใ„ โ†’ ็ด„

่‰ฒใ€…ใช โ†’ ๆง˜ใ€…ใช

ใฟใŸใ„ใซ โ†’ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ

ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ โ†’ ใงใฏ

ใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ โ†’ ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ

ใ—ใจใ โ†’ ใ—ใฆใŠใ

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